Basic knowledge of cationic dyes for Polyester Cationic Dyeable Yarn

Cationic dyes are special dyes for dyeing polyacrylonitrile fibers, and can also be used for dyeing modified polyester (CDP). Today, we will share the basic knowledge of cationic dyes.

Here is the content:

• History of cationic dyes

• Cationic dyes’ characteristic

• Dyeing methods for cationic fabrics

History of cationic dyes

Cationic dyes are one of the earliest synthetic dyes. In 1856, W.H.Perkin of the United States synthesized aniline purple and later appeared crystal violet and malachite green, are cationic dyes. These dyes were formerly known as basic-based dyes, which can dye protein fibers and cellulose fibers treated with tannic acid and tartar emesis. They have gorgeous color, but are not fast to light, and have been replaced by direct dyes, VAT dyes and acid dyes developed later. After the industrial production of acrylic fibers in the 1950s, it was found that cationic dyes on polyacrylonitrile fibers not only had high directivity and bright color, but also had much higher dyeing fastness than protein fibers and cellulose fibers, thus arousing people's interest again. In order to further adapt to the application of acrylic fiber and some other synthetic fibers, many new varieties with high fastness were synthesized, such as polyacrylamide structure, nitrogen polyacrylamide structure and naphthalene lactam structure, so that cationic dyes became the main dyes for polyacrylonitrile fiber dyeing.

Cationic dyes’ characteristic

Cationic dyes generate positively charged non-ferrous ions in the solution, and acid anions such as chloride, acetic acid, phosphoric acid, methyl sulfate and other salts, so as to dye polyacrylonitrile fibers. In actual dyeing, several cationic dyes are commonly used to form a specific color. But cationic dye mixed dyeing is often not easy to evenly dye the same color light, resulting in spots and layers. Therefore, in the production of cationic dyes, in addition to expanding the variety and quantity, but also pay attention to the matching dye varieties; In order to prevent the dyeing of flowers, attention should be paid to the development of varieties with good evenness, in addition, attention should be paid to improving the steam fastness and fast fastness of cationic dyes.

Dyeing methods for cationic fabrics

Cationic fabric is 100% polyester fabric, which is made of two different polyester raw materials, but it contains polyester cationic dyeable yarn. This polyester cationic dyeable yarn and ordinary polyester yarn are colored with different dyes, which can be dyed twice, polyester once and cationic once. In general, cationic silk is used in warp direction while ordinary polyester yarn is used in weft direction. When dyeing, use two different dyes: polyester silk with common disperse dyes, cationic silk with cationic dyes (can also use disperse cationic dyes), cloth effect will have a two-color effect.

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